Beddelka Taabashada Taabashada ee Mylinking™ Shabakadda ML-BYPASS-200
2*Bypass iyo 1*Monitor Modular Design, 10/40/100GE Links, ugu badnaan 640Gbps
1-Dulmar guud
Adigoo adeegsanaya Mylinking™ Smart Bypass Switch:
- Isticmaalayaashu si dabacsan ayay u rakibi karaan/uga saari karaan qalabka amniga mana saameyn doonaan shabakadda hadda jirta mana carqaladeyn doonaan;
- Wareegga Mylinking™ Network Tap Bypass Switch oo leh shaqo ogaansho caafimaad oo caqli badan si loo kormeero waqtiga-dhabta ah ee xaaladda shaqada caadiga ah ee qalabka amniga taxanaha ah, marka qalabka amniga taxanaha ah uu shaqeeyo marka laga reebo shaqada qalabka amniga taxanaha ah, ilaalintu si toos ah ayay u dhaafi doontaa si loo ilaaliyo isgaarsiinta shabakadda caadiga ah;
- Tiknoolajiyada ilaalinta taraafikada ee xulashada ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu rakibo qalabka amniga nadiifinta taraafikada ee gaarka ah, tignoolajiyada sirta ah ee ku salaysan qalabka hubinta. Si wax ku ool ah u fuliso ilaalinta gelitaanka taxanaha ah ee nooca gaarka ah ee taraafikada, iyadoo la dejinayo cadaadiska maaraynta socodka ee qalabka taxanaha ah;
- Tiknoolajiyada Ilaalinta Taraafikada ee Dheelitiran ee Xamuulka ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daro qalab taxane ah oo ammaan ah si loo daboolo baahida loo qabo amniga taxanaha ah ee deegaannada baaxadda sare leh.
Iyadoo horumar degdeg ah laga sameeyay internetka, khatarta amniga macluumaadka shabakadda ayaa sii kordheysa, sidaa darteed waxaa si aad ah loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan oo ilaalinta amniga macluumaadka ah. Hadday tahay qalabka xakamaynta marin-u-helka dhaqameed (dab-damiska) ama nooc cusub oo ah habab ilaalin oo horumarsan sida nidaamka ka hortagga faragelinta (IPS), madal maaraynta khatarta midaysan (UTM), Nidaamka weerarka adeegga ka-hortagga diidmada (Anti-DDoS), Albaabka Ka-hortagga-fog, Nidaamka Aqoonsiga Taraafikada iyo Xakamaynta DPI ee Midaysan, iyo aalado badan oo amni ayaa si taxane ah loogu daadgureeyay qaybaha muhiimka ah ee shabakadda, hirgelinta siyaasadda amniga xogta ee u dhiganta si loo aqoonsado loona maareeyo taraafikada sharciga ah / sharci darrada ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, si kastaba ha ahaatee, shabakadda kumbuyuutarku waxay abuuri doontaa dib u dhac shabakad oo weyn ama xitaa khalkhal shabakadeed haddii ay dhacdo guuldarro, dayactir, casriyeyn, beddelka qalabka iyo wixii la mid ah jawi codsi shabakad wax soo saar oo aad loogu kalsoon yahay, isticmaalayaashu ma adkaysan karaan.

2-Network Tap Bypass Switch Astaamaha iyo Tiknoolajiyada Sare
Habka Ilaalinta "SpecFlow" ee Mylinking™ iyo Teknolojiyadda Habka Ilaalinta "FullLink"
Tiknoolajiyada Ilaalinta Beddelka Degdegga ah ee Mylinking™
Teknolojiyadda Mylinking™ "LinkSafeSwitch"
Tiknoolajiyadda Gudbinta/Arrimaha ee Mylinking™ "WebService"
Tiknoolajiyadda Ogaanshaha Farriinta Garaaca Wadnaha ee Mylinking™ ee Caqliga leh
Tiknoolajiyada Farriimaha Garaaca Wadnaha ee Mylinking™ ee la qeexi karo
Tiknoolajiyada Isku-dheellitirka Culayska ee Mylinking™ oo leh Xiriiro badan
Tiknoolajiyadda Qaybinta Taraafikada ee Caqliga leh ee Mylinking™
Tiknoolajiyadda Dheelitirka Culayska Firfircoon ee Mylinking™
Tiknoolajiyada Maareynta Fog ee Mylinking™ (HTTP/WEB, TELNET/SSH, Astaamaha "EasyConfig/AdvanceConfig")
Tilmaamaha Habaynta Beddelka Taabashada Taabashada ee 3-Network
BAABKA AY DHAAFAANGodka Module-ka Ilaalinta:
Booskan waxaa lagu gelin karaa module-ka dekedda ilaalinta BYPASS oo leh lambar xawaare/deked oo kala duwan. Iyadoo la beddelayo noocyada kala duwan ee modules-ka, waxay taageeri kartaa ilaalinta BYPASS ee xiriiriyeyaal badan oo 10G/40G/100G ah.


KORMEERAHABoostada Module-ka Dekedda;
Booskan waxaa lagu gelin karaa module-ka dekedda MONITOR oo leh xawaare/dekedo kala duwan. Waxay taageeri kartaa qalab badan oo la socodka taxanaha ah oo 10G/40G/100G ah oo khadka tooska ah ku shaqeeya iyadoo la beddelayo noocyo kala duwan.

Xeerarka Xulashada Module-ka
Iyada oo ku saleysan xiriirro kala duwan oo la geeyay iyo shuruudaha la socodka qalabka, waxaad si dabacsan u dooran kartaa qaabab modules kala duwan si aad u buuxiso baahiyahaaga deegaanka ee dhabta ah; fadlan raac sharciyada soo socda markaad dooranayso:
1. Qaybaha chassis-ka waa qasab waana inaad doorataa qaybaha chassis-ka ka hor intaadan dooran wax modules kale ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, fadlan dooro habab kala duwan oo koronto ah (AC/DC) iyadoo loo eegayo baahiyahaaga.
2. Mashiinka oo dhan wuxuu taageeraa ilaa 2 boos oo module BYPASS ah iyo 1 boos oo module MONITOR ah; ma dooran kartid wax ka badan tirada boosaska si aad u habayso. Iyada oo ku saleysan isku darka tirada boosaska iyo qaabka moduleka, qalabku wuxuu taageeri karaa ilaa afar ilaalin isku xidhka 10GE; ama wuxuu taageeri karaa ilaa afar xiriiriye 40GE; ama wuxuu taageeri karaa ilaa hal xiriiriye 100GE ah.
3. Qaabka module-ka "BYP-MOD-L1CG" waxaa lagu gelin karaa oo keliya SLOT1 si uu si sax ah u shaqeeyo.
4. Nooca module-ka "BYP-MOD-XXX" waxaa lagu gelin karaa oo keliya booska module-ka BYPASS; nooca module-ka "MON-MOD-XXX" waxaa lagu gelin karaa oo keliya booska module-ka MONITOR si loo isticmaalo si caadi ah.
| Qaabka Badeecada | Xuduudaha shaqada |
| Chassis (Martigeliyaha) | |
| ML-BYPASS-M200 | 1U heerka caadiga ah ee rackmount 19-inji ah; isticmaalka awoodda ugu badan 250W; martigeliyaha ilaalinta BYPASS ee modular; 2 boos oo module BYPASS ah; 1 boos oo module MONITOR ah; AC iyo DC ikhtiyaari ah; |
| MOODULKA BAABURKA | |
| BYP-MOD-L2XG(LM/SM) | Waxay taageertaa ilaalinta taxanaha isku xirka 10GE ee 2-geesoodka ah, is-dhexgalka 4*10GE, isku xirka LC; gudbiyaha indhaha ee ku dhex jira; isku xirka indhaha ee hal/mode badan ikhtiyaari ah, waxay taageertaa 10GBASE-SR/ LR; |
| BYP-MOD-L2QXG(LM/SM) | Waxay taageertaa ilaalinta taxanaha isku xirka 40GE ee 2-geesoodka ah, is-dhexgalka 4*40GE, isku xirka LC; gudbiyaha indhaha ee ku dhex jira; isku xirka indhaha ee hal/mode badan ikhtiyaari ah, waxay taageertaa 40GBASE-SR4/ LR4; |
| BYP-MOD-L1CG (LM/SM) | Waxay taageertaa ilaalinta taxanaha ah ee 1 kanaal 100GE, 2*100GE interface, isku xirka LC; gudbiyaha indhaha ee ku dhex jira; isku xirka indhaha ee hal qaab badan leh ikhtiyaari ah, wuxuu taageeraa 100GBASE-SR4/LR4; |
| MOODULKA KORMEERAHA | |
| ISNIIN-MOD-L16XG | Moduleka dekedda la socodka 16*10GE SFP+; ma jiro module gudbiye indhaha ah; |
| ISNIIN-MOD-L8XG | Moduleka dekedda la socodka 8*10GE SFP+; ma jiro module gudbiye indhaha ah; |
| ISNIIN-MOD-L2CG | 2 * 100GE QSFP28 module dekeda la socodka; ma jiro module gudbiye indhaha ah; |
| ISNIIN-MOD-L8QXG | 8 * 40GE QSFP+ module dekeda la socodka; ma jiro module gudbiye indhaha ah; |
Tilmaamaha Beddelka Tap-ka ee 4-Network
| Habka Badeecada | Beddelka Wareegga Taxanaha ah ee ML-BYPASS-M200 | |
| Nooca Is-dhexgalka | Is-dhexgalka MGT | 1 * 10/100/1000BASE-T Isku-xirka maaraynta la qabsiga; Taageer maaraynta HTTP/IP ee fog |
| Booska Module-ka | 2 * Booska module BYPASS; 1 * Booska module MONITOR; | |
| Xiriiriyeyaasha taageeraya ugu badnaan | Taageerada qalabku waa ugu badnaan 4 * 10GE xiriiriyeyaal ama 4 * 40GE xiriiriyeyaal ama 1 * 100GE xiriiriyeyaal | |
| Kormeere | Taageerada qalabka ugu badan ee dekedaha la socodka 16*10GE ama dekedaha la socodka 8*40GE ama dekedaha la socodka 2*100GE; | |
| Shaqada | Awood farsamayn laba-geesood ah oo buuxda | 640Gbps |
| Iyada oo ku saleysan IP/protocol/port shan tuble gaar ah oo ilaalinaya taraafikada | Taageerada | |
| Ilaalinta Cascade oo ku salaysan taraafikada oo dhan | Taageerada | |
| Isku dheelitirnaan culeys badan | Taageerada | |
| Shaqada ogaanshaha garaaca wadnaha ee gaarka ah | Taageerada | |
| Taageerada madaxbannaanida xirmada Ethernet | Taageerada | |
| BEDDELKA BAABURKA | Taageerada | |
| Beddelka BYPASS iyada oo aan lahayn flash | Taageerada | |
| MGT-KA QORSHE-GELINTA | Taageerada | |
| IP/WEB MGT | Taageerada | |
| SNMP V1/V2C MGT | Taageerada | |
| TELNET/SSH MGT | Taageerada | |
| Hab-maamuuska SYSLOG | Taageerada | |
| Ogolaanshaha isticmaalaha | Iyada oo ku saleysan oggolaanshaha erayga sirta ah/AAA/TACACS+ | |
| Koronto | Danabka sahayda ee la qiimeeyay | AC-220V/DC-48V【Ikhtiyaar】 |
| Soo noqnoqoshada awoodda la qiimeeyay | 50HZ | |
| Hadda la soo galiyay heerka la qiimeeyay | AC-3A / DC-10A | |
| Awoodda La Qiimeeyay | 100W | |
| Deegaanka | Heerkulka Shaqada | 0-50℃ |
| Heerkulka kaydinta | -20-70℃ | |
| Qoyaanka shaqada | 10%-95%, Ma jiro biyo-dhac | |
| Habaynta isticmaalaha | Qaabeynta Konsole-ka | Is-dhexgalka RS232, 115200, 8, N, 1 |
| Is-dhexgalka kooxda MGT ee ka baxsan kooxda | 1 * 10/100/1000M interface Ethernet | |
| Ogolaanshaha erayga sirta ah | Taageerada | |
| Dhererka Jiifka | Meel bannaan oo ah jiir (U) | 1U 19 inji, 485mm*44.5mm*350mm |
5-Network TAP Bypass Switch Application (sida soo socota)
Kuwa soo socda waa IPS caadi ah (Nidaamka Ka Hortagga Faragelinta), qaabka dejinta FW (Firewall), IPS / FW waxaa loo diraa si taxane ah qalabka shabakadda (routers, switches, iwm.) inta u dhaxaysa taraafikada iyada oo loo marayo hirgelinta hubinta amniga, sida waafaqsan siyaasadda amniga ee u dhiganta si loo go'aamiyo sii deynta ama xannibaadda taraafikada u dhiganta, si loo gaaro saameynta difaaca amniga.

Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaan arki karnaa IPS / FW oo ah qalab taxane ah oo lagu rakibayo qalabka, oo badanaa lagu rakibayo goobta muhiimka ah ee shabakadda ganacsiga si loo hirgeliyo amniga taxanaha ah, kalsoonida aaladaha ku xiran waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa helitaanka shabakadda ganacsiga guud ahaan. Marka aaladaha taxanaha ah ay buux dhaafaan, burburaan, cusboonaysiinta software-ka, cusbooneysiinta siyaasadda, iwm., helitaanka shabakadda ganacsiga oo dhan si weyn ayaa loo saameyn doonaa. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, kaliya iyada oo loo marayo jarista shabakadda, jumper-ka jireed wuxuu ka dhigi karaa shabakadda in la soo celiyo, taasoo si dhab ah u saamaysa kalsoonida shabakadda. IPS / FW iyo aaladaha kale ee taxanaha ah dhinac ahaan waxay hagaajiyaan dejinta amniga shabakadda ganacsiga, dhanka kale waxay sidoo kale yareeyaan isku halaynta shabakadaha ganacsiga, taasoo kordhinaysa khatarta shabakadda lama heli karo.
5.2 Ilaalinta Qalabka Taxanaha Isku-xirka Gudaha

Mylinking™ "Bypass Switch" waxaa loo adeegsadaa taxane u dhexeeya aaladaha shabakadda (routers, switches, iwm.), socodka xogta ee u dhexeeya aaladaha shabakadda mar dambe si toos ah uma horseedi doono IPS / FW, "Bypass Switch" ilaa IPS / FW, marka IPS / FW ay sabab u tahay xad-dhaafka, shilka, cusbooneysiinta software-ka, cusbooneysiinta siyaasadda iyo xaaladaha kale ee fashilka, "Bypass Switch" iyada oo loo marayo ogaanshaha fariinta garaaca wadnaha ee caqliga leh Shaqada ogaanshaha waqtiga, sidaas darteedna ka bood qalabka cilladaysan, iyada oo aan la carqaladeynayn mabda'a shabakadda, qalabka shabakadda ee degdegga ah si toos ah ugu xiran si loo ilaaliyo shabakadda isgaarsiinta caadiga ah; marka IPS / FW uu ku guuldareysto soo kabashada, laakiin sidoo kale iyada oo loo marayo baakadaha garaaca wadnaha ee caqliga leh Ogaanshaha ogaanshaha waqtiga shaqada, xiriirka asalka ah si loo soo celiyo amniga hubinta amniga shabakadda ganacsiga.
"Bypass Switch" Mylinking™ wuxuu leeyahay shaqo awood badan oo lagu ogaanayo garaaca wadnaha oo caqli badan, isticmaaluhu wuxuu habayn karaa kala-goynta garaaca wadnaha iyo tirada ugu badan ee isku dayga, iyada oo loo marayo farriin garaaca wadnaha oo gaar ah oo ku taal IPS / FW si loogu sameeyo baaritaan caafimaad, sida in farriinta hubinta garaaca wadnaha loo diro dekedda IPS / FW ee kor/hoos u socota, ka dibna laga helo dekedda kor/hoos u socota ee IPS / FW, oo la xukumo in IPS / FW ay si caadi ah u shaqaynayso iyadoo la dirayo oo la helayo farriinta garaaca wadnaha.
5.3 Ilaalinta Taxanaha Taxanaha Taxanaha Socodka Siyaasadda "SpecFlow"

Marka qalabka shabakadda amniga uu u baahan yahay oo keliya inuu wax ka qabto taraafikada gaarka ah ee ilaalinta amniga taxanaha ah, iyada oo loo marayo shaqada Mylinking™ "Bypass Switch" ee taraafikada kasta, iyada oo loo marayo istaraatiijiyadda baaritaanka taraafikada si loogu xiro qalabka amniga "Concerned" taraafikada waxaa si toos ah loogu celiyaa xiriirka shabakadda, qaybta taraafikada ee ay khuseyso "waxay u janjeertaa qalabka badbaadada ee khadka tooska ah si loo sameeyo hubinta badbaadada. Tani ma ilaalin doonto oo keliya codsiga caadiga ah ee shaqada ogaanshaha badbaadada ee qalabka badbaadada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay yareyn doontaa socodka aan waxtarka lahayn ee qalabka badbaadada si loola tacaalo cadaadiska; isla mar ahaantaana, "Bypass Switch" wuxuu ogaan karaa xaaladda shaqada ee qalabka badbaadada waqtiga dhabta ah. Qalabka ammaanku si aan caadi ahayn ayuu u dhaafaa taraafikada xogta si toos ah si looga fogaado carqaladeynta adeegga shabakadda.
Ilaaliyaha Mylinking™ Traffic Bypass wuxuu aqoonsan karaa taraafikada iyadoo lagu saleynayo aqoonsiga cinwaanka lakabka L2-L4, sida calaamadda VLAN, cinwaanka MAC isha / meesha loo socdo, cinwaanka IP-ga isha, nooca baakadaha IP, dekedda borotokoolka lakabka gaadiidka, calaamadda furaha cinwaanka borotokoolka, iyo wixii la mid ah. Xaalado kala duwan oo isku-dhafan oo dabacsan ayaa si dabacsan loo qeexi karaa si loo qeexo noocyada taraafikada gaarka ah ee xiisaha u leh qalab amni oo gaar ah waxaana si ballaaran loogu isticmaali karaa dejinta aaladaha hubinta amniga gaarka ah (RDP, SSH, hubinta xogta, iwm.).
5.4 Ilaalinta Taxanaha dheellitiran ee Culayska

"Bypass Switch" Mylinking™ waxaa loo adeegsadaa taxane u dhexeeya aaladaha shabakadda (routers, switches, iwm.). Marka hal waxqabad oo farsamayn ah oo IPS / FW ah uusan ku filnayn inuu la qabsado taraafikada ugu sarreysa ee isku xirka shabakadda, Shaqada dheelitirka culeyska taraafikada ee ilaaliyaha, "isku-xidhka" taraafikada isku xirka shabakadda ee IPS / FW, waxay si wax ku ool ah u yareyn kartaa cadaadiska farsamaynta hal IPS / FW, waxay hagaajin kartaa waxqabadka farsamaynta guud si loo daboolo baaxadda sare ee jawiga dejinta Sheegashada.
"Bypass Switch" Mylinking™ wuxuu leeyahay shaqo dheelitir culeys oo awood leh, sida ku cad calaamadda VLAN ee qaab-dhismeedka, macluumaadka MAC, macluumaadka IP, lambarka dekedda, borotokoolka iyo macluumaad kale oo ku saabsan qaybinta dheelitirka culayska Hash ee taraafikada si loo hubiyo in IPS / FW kasta uu helo socodka xogta.
5.5 Ilaalinta Socodka Socodka Qalabka ee Taxane badan leh (Beddel Xiriirka Taxanaha ah ee Xiriirka Isbarbardhigga ah)
Xiriiriyeyaasha muhiimka ah qaarkood (sida goobaha internetka, isku xirka is-weydaarsiga aagga server-ka) goobta badanaa waxay sabab u tahay baahiyaha sifooyinka amniga iyo dejinta qalab badan oo tijaabinta amniga khadka tooska ah (sida dab-damis, qalabka weerarka ka hortagga DDOS, dab-damiska codsiga WEB, Qalabka ka hortagga faragelinta, iwm.), qalab badan oo lagu ogaanayo amniga isku mar taxane ah oo ku yaal xiriirka si loo kordhiyo isku xirka hal dhibic oo guuldarro ah, taasoo yareyneysa isku halaynta guud ee shabakadda. Iyo qalabka amniga ee kor ku xusan ee internetka lagu rakibayo, casriyeynta qalabka, beddelka qalabka iyo hawlgallada kale, waxay sababi doontaa in shabakadu ay muddo dheer hakad gasho adeegga iyo tallaabo weyn oo mashruuc ah si loo dhammaystiro hirgelinta guusha leh ee mashaariicda noocaas ah.
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo "Bypass Switch" si midaysan, habka dejinta ee aaladaha amniga badan ee ku xiran taxane isku xidhka waxaa laga beddeli karaa "qaabka isku xidhka jirka" ilaa "qaabka isku xidhka jirka, qaabka isku xidhka macquulka ah" Xidhiidhka ku yaal isku xidhka hal dhibic oo guuldarro ah si loo hagaajiyo isku halaynta isku xidhka, halka "boodhka isku xidhka" ee socodka isku xidhka ee jiidista baahida, si loo gaaro isla socodka qaabka asalka ah ee saamaynta habaynta badbaadada leh.
In ka badan hal qalab amni isla waqtigaas jaantuska dejinta taxanaha ah:

Jaantuska Daahfurka Beddelka Taabashada ee Shabakadda Mylinking™:

5.6 Iyada oo ku saleysan Istaraatiijiyadda Firfircoon ee Ilaalinta Ogaanshaha Amniga Jiidashada Taraafikada
"Bypass Switch" Xaalad kale oo codsi oo horumarsan waxay ku salaysan tahay istaraatiijiyadda firfircoon ee codsiyada ilaalinta amniga jiidista taraafikada, dejinta jidka sida hoos ku cad:

Qaado qalabka tijaabada amniga ee "ilaalinta weerarka iyo ogaanshaha ee ka hortagga DDoS", tusaale ahaan, iyada oo loo marayo rakibidda hore ee "Bypass Switch" ka dibna qalabka ilaalinta ka hortagga DDOS ka dibna ku xiran "Bypass Switch", ee caadiga ah "ilaaliyaha jiidista" ilaa xaddiga buuxa ee gudbinta xawaaraha taraafikada isla waqtigaas muraayadda socodka ee wax soo saarka muraayadda socodka ee "qalabka ilaalinta weerarka ka hortagga DDOS", marka la ogaado IP-ga server-ka (ama qaybta shabakadda IP) ka dib weerarka," qalabka ilaalinta weerarka ka hortagga DDOS " wuxuu soo saari doonaa xeerarka isbarbardhigga socodka taraafikada ee bartilmaameedka ah wuxuuna u diri doonaa "Bypass Switch" iyada oo loo marayo is-dhexgalka bixinta siyaasadda firfircoon. "Bypass Switch" wuxuu cusbooneysiin karaa "dhaqdhaqaaqa jiidista taraafikada" ka dib marka la helo xeerarka siyaasadda firfircoon ee Xeerka "ka dibna isla markiiba" xeerka ku dhufo taraafikada server-ka weerarka "jiidashada" qalabka ilaalinta weerarka ka hortagga DDoS iyo ogaanshaha "ee habaynta, si waxtar leh ka dib socodka weerarka ka dibna dib loogu duriyo shabakadda.
Nidaamka codsiga ee ku salaysan "Bypass Switch" ayaa ka fudud in la hirgeliyo marka loo eego duritaanka wadada BGP ee dhaqameed ama nidaamka kale ee jiidista taraafikada, deegaankuna kuma tiirsana shabakadda oo kalsoonidiisuna way sarreysaa.
"Bypass Switch" waxay leedahay sifooyinka soo socda si ay u taageeraan ilaalinta ogaanshaha amniga siyaasadda firfircoon:
1, "Bypass Switch" si loo bixiyo wax ka baxsan xeerarka ku salaysan WEBSERIVCE interface, is-dhexgal fudud oo lala yeesho aaladaha amniga ee dhinac saddexaad.
2, "Bypass Switch" oo ku salaysan qalabka saafiga ah ee ASIC chip oo gudbinaya ilaa 10Gbps xirmooyinka xawaaraha siligga iyada oo aan la xannibin gudbinta badhanka, iyo "maktabadda qaanuunka dhaqdhaqaaqa jiidista taraafikada" iyada oo aan loo eegin tirada.
3, "Bypass Switch" oo ku dhex jira shaqo xirfadeed oo BYPASS ah, xitaa haddii ilaaliyaha laftiisu uu ku guuldareysto, sidoo kale uu isla markiiba ka gudbi karo xiriirkii taxanaha ahaa ee asalka ahaa, saameyn kuma yeelanayso xiriirkii asalka ahaa ee isgaarsiinta caadiga ah.









